International SEO

International SEO so every market sees its own version

I'm Pablo Caño, an independent technical SEO consultant. I help companies that sell in several countries get Google to show the right version in each one and open new markets without breaking the one that already works.

Prefer to go straight to it? Email me at consulta@pablocano.es

What I review on an international site
  • Hreflang: whether it's complete, reciprocal and pointing at indexable URLs.
  • Structure: country domains, subdomains or subfolders.
  • Redirects and content that change depending on the visitor's IP.
  • Near-identical pages across countries that share a language.

I work with the most advanced SEO and GEO tools on the market: Screaming Frog, Semrush, Ahrefs and Sistrix.

Pablo Caño15 years in technical SEO · LinkedIn

Brands I have worked with

Repsol BBVA Scilife Self Bank

I also collaborate with agencies that bring in my technical judgment for their own clients.

What usually goes wrong when a site expands abroad

Hreflang that doesn't work

Tags that only go one way, which Google ignores, or that point to redirected, noindexed or canonicalised URLs. Also country codes that are written wrong. Google doesn't warn you about any of it and ends up showing whichever version it prefers.

Redirecting by IP

Sending each visitor to their country by IP looks convenient, but by default Googlebot crawls from US IP addresses. If the site redirects it, it may never see your UK or Spanish edition.

Same language, several countries

A UK version and a US version with 90% of the text in common compete with each other. Without proper hreflang, Google picks one and shows it in both markets.

Translating pages as they are

Each market has its own keywords: people in the UK search differently from people in Spain or the US. A page translated word for word doesn't answer that search.

What I do

For years I've worked on websites with editions for Spain, Mexico and the United States, where hreflang, country redirects and content shared between markets are everyday work.

01

Diagnosing your international setup

I check which version Google shows in each country, where hreflang breaks and which edition never gets crawled.

02

Structure and rules

Domains, subdomains or subfolders depending on your case, with the hreflang, canonical and redirect rules written up for your team.

03

Launching in a new market

I start with what that market searches for. That shows which pages you need and how to launch them without cannibalising the version that already ranks.

04

Country-level tracking

Search Console filtered by country and language, to check each market is getting its own version.

Hreflang: the five mistakes I see most

  • The return tag is missing: page A points to B, but B doesn't point back to A.
  • It points to URLs that redirect, return a 404, carry a noindex or canonicalise to another page.
  • Codes Google doesn't support, such as en-UK instead of en-GB or es-419 for Latin America. A country with no language doesn't work either.
  • The x-default is missing, which Google recommends for visitors who don't fit any market.
  • It's declared in one template but not another, for example on desktop but not on mobile.

Three years working with him.

Exceptionally strong technically, resourceful and inventive, and always willing to help.

José Luis Gómez MosqueraManaging Director, El País and Cinco Días

Good fit if

  • You sell in several countries or languages and in some of them the wrong version shows up.
  • You're about to open a new market and want to know which structure suits you before building it.
  • You have country editions that look very similar to each other.
  • Your site redirects or changes content based on the visitor's IP.

Not a fit if

  • You're looking for translation or copywriting in other languages.
  • You only sell in one country and have no plans to expand.

International SEO: frequently asked questions

What companies selling in several countries, or about to expand abroad, usually ask before we start.

Country domain, subdomain or subfolder?

For most companies, subfolders: /es/, /us/, /en-gb/. They add to the main domain's authority and are the easiest to maintain. A country domain makes sense if the local brand already exists, if there's a separate legal entity or if the market distrusts foreign sites. A subdomain mainly suits cases where each country runs on its own infrastructure. Whichever you choose, avoid changing it every two years.

Can I redirect each visitor to their country by IP?

Better not to do it automatically. By default Googlebot crawls from US IP addresses, so an IP redirect can hide your other editions from it. Instead, show a banner linking to the visitor's country version and let each URL always load the same version, wherever the request comes from.

Do I need hreflang if each country has its own language?

It helps, although in that case Google usually gets it right on its own and hreflang makes sure it does. It becomes essential when several countries share a language, such as the UK and the US or Spain and Mexico, because that's where Google mixes up the versions.

Is translating the site enough?

Rarely, if you want to show up in another country. Each market searches with its own words, compares you with different competitors and sometimes needs pages that don't exist in yours. Translation is the starting point; after that you have to check the keywords and adapt titles, examples and prices.

How much does it cost?

It depends on the project, and you get the price in writing with a fixed scope within 48 hours of a 30-minute call. I don't publish rates because every website and every situation is different: reviewing six templates doesn't cost the same as reviewing sixty, and one market doesn't cost the same as five. It also matters whether you have developers available to implement the changes. A generic range wouldn't help you decide. What's in that quote is what I invoice.

How we get started

01

Tell me about your case

Use the form or email me. I reply within 1-2 working days.

02

A 30-minute call

We look at the site together and at what's worrying you. If I'm not the right person, I'll say so there and then.

03

A proposal within 48 hours

With a fixed scope and the price in writing. If it doesn't suit you, there's no commitment.

Tell me which markets you're in

Send me your URL, which countries you sell in and where you've noticed something isn't working. If it looks like a fit, I'll suggest a 30-minute call.

Controller: Pablo Caño. Purpose: to respond to your enquiry. Legal basis: consent and pre-contractual steps. You can exercise your rights by writing to consulta@pablocano.es.

I reply within 1-2 working days.