International SEO: frequently asked questions
What companies selling in several countries, or about to expand abroad, usually ask before we start.
Country domain, subdomain or subfolder?
For most companies, subfolders: /es/, /us/, /en-gb/. They add to the main domain's authority and are the easiest to maintain. A country domain makes sense if the local brand already exists, if there's a separate legal entity or if the market distrusts foreign sites. A subdomain mainly suits cases where each country runs on its own infrastructure. Whichever you choose, avoid changing it every two years.
Can I redirect each visitor to their country by IP?
Better not to do it automatically. By default Googlebot crawls from US IP addresses, so an IP redirect can hide your other editions from it. Instead, show a banner linking to the visitor's country version and let each URL always load the same version, wherever the request comes from.
Do I need hreflang if each country has its own language?
It helps, although in that case Google usually gets it right on its own and hreflang makes sure it does. It becomes essential when several countries share a language, such as the UK and the US or Spain and Mexico, because that's where Google mixes up the versions.
Is translating the site enough?
Rarely, if you want to show up in another country. Each market searches with its own words, compares you with different competitors and sometimes needs pages that don't exist in yours. Translation is the starting point; after that you have to check the keywords and adapt titles, examples and prices.
How much does it cost?
It depends on the project, and you get the price in writing with a fixed scope within 48 hours of a 30-minute call. I don't publish rates because every website and every situation is different: reviewing six templates doesn't cost the same as reviewing sixty, and one market doesn't cost the same as five. It also matters whether you have developers available to implement the changes. A generic range wouldn't help you decide. What's in that quote is what I invoice.